Sodium metal is typically provided in different forms that are packed in air-tight containers. When at room temperature, sodium can be handled in air with low humidity for a limited duration. It can be easily sliced with a knife. The common salt (sodium chloride) is also a different form of product in the sodium tree. If Sodium metal is exposed to dry air for an extended period, it reacts with oxygen, creating a thick oxide layer. This oxide layer on the surface slows down any further reactions. Sodium does not form a stable nitride when reacting with nitrogen. Solid sodium reacts rapidly in humid air, with sodium hydroxide being the main product of this reaction. The sodium chloride (salt) is used in chemical industries, food industries & etc,., . In sodium metal, this hydroxide can then react with carbon dioxide present in the air, albeit at a slow rate, to form sodium carbonate and bicarbonates. Because these substances are very hygroscopic, uncontrolled exposure of solid sodium to moist air can lead to water absorption (and the formation of water-rich phases) that may come into contact with the underlying metallic sodium. This situation can trigger a rapid reaction, generating a large amount of heat and potentially igniting the sodium metal. The appearance of water-rich phases on the surfaces of bulk sodium at temperatures of 35°C was not noted, and sodium could be stored safely for several days.
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