Water & Sodium matter for creating the Brain!!

Experimental physicists from top asian university have successfully constructed an artificial synapse that interacts with water and salt. This synapse is the first proof that a system that uses the same medium as the brain can process large amounts of information. For decades, scientists have been trying to make computers more energy efficient. They have been trying to replicate the human brain's extraordinary capacity in different ways. These attempts have resulted in brain-like computers. These computers deviate from traditional binary processing and use analog methods similar to our brains. While our brains work with water and dissolved salt ions, most modern brain-inspired computers use conventional solid materials. This begs the question: “Why can’t we replicate the brain’s behavior using the same media?” This question is at the core of the emerging field of Iontronic Neuromorphic Computing. For the first time, scientists have successfully simulated the behavior of neurons by utilizing water and salt to process complex information. Lead author of the paper, Tim Kamsma (Ph.D.), notes, “We already have artificial synapses that can process complex information using solid materials, but now we’re showing that this can also be done with water and salt! We’re effectively replicating the behavior of neurons using the same medium we use in the brain!” The study was published in the journal PNAS. The main component of the study is a 150-by-200-micrometer synapse, which is an essential part of the brain that transmits signals between neurons in the brain. The device, which was developed in Korea and is called an iontronic Memristor, consists of a microchannel in the shape of a cone filled with water and salt. When it receives an electrical pulse, ions in the liquid move through the channel, causing changes in ion concentration. Depending on the intensity or duration of the pulse, the conductance of the channel changes, reflecting the strength or weakness of the connections between the neurons. The magnitude of the change in conductance represents the input signal. Another finding is that the channel length affects the time it takes for concentration changes to disappear. This suggests that channels could be designed to store and process information for different lengths of time, similar to the synaptic mechanisms found in our brains, Kamsma says. The idea for an iontronic membrane came from Kamsma’s own research. He began his doctoral dissertation on the use of artificial ion channels in classification tasks and developed it into a solid theoretical model. Our paths crossed with a research team in South Korea at that time, says Kamsma, "They took my theory very seriously and started working on it right away. Within three months, the results were very close to what I had predicted in my theoretical framework. I thought wow! It's so exciting to see the jump from theoretical ideas to real-world results, and to see these beautiful experimental results.” Kamsma emphasizes the early stage of the research. “Iltronic neuromorphic computing is still in its early stages and is growing rapidly,” he says. “The goal is to create a computer system that is much more efficient and energy-efficient than current technology.” Whether this vision will come to pass remains to be seen, but Kamsma sees the publication as a major step forward. “This represents a major step forward in the development of computers that can not only replicate the human brain’s communication patterns, but also use the same medium

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